Despite the current economic environment, many companies still have healthy balance sheets and cash reserves to manage.  Corporate investment policies are something that come up from time to time among Board members, owners, firm partners, and financial departments of a wide range of companies.  But who’s really thinking about them?

It appears that not many professionals are.  At an event held by the Financial Management Association of NH on Monday, November 10th, less than a handful of financial professionals - out of a crowd of 100+ attendees - acknowledged implementing or being aware of any such policy within their organizations.  That so few of us were up to speed on the topic was a shocking realization to me.   Certainly the executives on hand are responsible leaders at the helms of successful organizations, therefore it stands to reason that such a fundamental step is more commonly deprioritized than it is taken to heart.  Here’s a primer on investment policies, courtesy of Morningstar.

Paul Miller of Axial Financial Group, who served on Monday’s panel along with Al Romero, SVP Business Banking at Bank of America and Matt Finn, VP Finance & Operations at Bradford Networks, highlighted two case studies that underscore the importance of using an investment policy.  One of the case studies  focused on a publicly-traded company that developed an investment policy stating that the “primary objective is preservation of capital and liquidity.”  This policy, which had been vetted by the management team and Board, was credited by that company’s CFO with helping them through the volatility of the past year and keeping them out of investment options such as auction rate securities.  Because of their policy, the company knew to immediately forego any goals of high yield in favor of keeping their cash in the safest vehicles available, and as a result were able to maintain the liquidity they needed.

An investment policy need not be overly complex, but I believe it is a fundamental building block for growing organizations, whether public or private.  And if the current economic climate does not convince us of that, perhaps nothing will!

If you haven’t heard of XBRL before, don’t worry, many others haven’t either. Unless you enjoy following the actions of the SEC and their worldwide counterparts, XBRL doesn’t exactly come up at your usual dinner party. However, if you’re responsible for financial reporting at a SEC registered company or are planning to register your company’s shares with the SEC, then you should be familiar with XBRL and it’s potential impact on your financial reporting processes.

For the uninitiated, XBRL is an acronym for eXtensible Business Reporting Language. XBRL is not a new technology, but is a standards-based way to communicate business and financial information. There are a number of resources on the web to help educate yourself and your staff on the topic, such as the AICPA’s XBRL site. Whether you’ve heard of XBRL or not, one thing is for sure: whether you’re the director of financial reporting, a corporate controller, or the CFO for your organization, what you need to know about XBRL is that it will require planning and forethought and will certainly involve change to your existing systems and financial close processes.

Currently, the SEC does not require registrants to submit filings in XBRL format, though they did issue a proposed rule [PDF] on May 30, 2008 and are currently soliciting public comments until August 1st. This proposal may soon change things for registrants and investors alike. For registrants, there are a number of ways to tackle the implementation of XBRL reporting; some may opt to outsource the effort to their financial printers, others may convert their data ‘manually’ with easy-to-use software tools for each reporting period, and others may implement software solutions directly into their general ledger or ERM packages. Regardless of how one gets there, it is apparent that it will involve support from your IT and financial experts, and will likely require Section 404 considerations relative to the internal controls within the organization.

It is worthwhile to note that most major financial markets are are moving in this direction, and XBRL is now mandated for financial filings in multiple jurisdictions worldwide. XBRL is moving ahead with or without us, and other US agencies such as the IRS and state taxing authorities are considering the merits of XBRL filings. Despite this, according to a June 2008 Compliance Week survey [subscription required] of 236 financial reporting executives, 55% have either just started researching XBRL or are not aware of the subject at all, and less than 20% of respondents have anybody on staff considered to be an XBRL expert.

The time is now to consider the effect of XBRL on your business and planning process. The short term effects of XBRL will likely be limited; just ask the early voluntary filers. However, it is clear from SEC speeches and proposals that XBRL is coming, and coming fast. Long-term benefits are likely to be realized by those businesses that are willing and able to embrace the technological change that XBRL will bring about, such as easier and faster access to competitive information and knowledge. If you haven’t already, I encourage you to learn more about XBRL and prepare for the forthcoming changes.